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Resource

Senior Science Notes for Half Yearly

 
Grade: HSC
Subject: Senior Science
Resource type: Notes
Written by: Sarakbi Youssef
Year uploaded: 2016
Page length: 19
 

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Resource Description

Abstract from Notes;

Surfactant Chemicals

  • Name often given to detergents as it is the main ingredient in cleaning products.
  • Synthetic chemicals which helps make water ‘wetter’ thereby enabling it to wet a dirty surface and lift dirt from it. They have a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end.

Degreasers

  •    Dissolves oils, fats and greases which are not soluble in water.
  • Contains non-polar solvents hence is able to clean oil and grease off machinery.

Lubricants

  • Reduces friction and wear between moving surfaces
    • Usually oil-based and are used in engines and other machines were moving parts rub together
    • Can be liquid (oil) or solid (grease)

Pesticides

  • Materials which are able to selectively kill an animal considered to be a nuisance

Solvents

  • Liquids which can dissolve another substance. Two main solvents are water and alcohol; also; turpentine.

Solute – The substance which is dissolved in a solvent

Solution

  • The resulting mixture when a solute dissolves into the solvent
  • The solvent molecules surround the solute molecules, preventing them from re-joining

Solubility

  • Ability to dissolve in water – Ionic (where a positive and negative ions are bonded) and polar substances dissolve in polar solvents; water and alcohol
  • Non polar substances dissolve in non-polar substances such as turps, petrol, hexane and carbon tetrachloride


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