- Grade: HSC
- Subject: Senior Science
- Resource type: Notes
- Written by: Sarakbi Youssef
- Year uploaded: 2016
- Page length: 19
- Subject: Senior Science
Resource Description
Abstract from Notes;
Surfactant Chemicals
- Name often given to detergents as it is the main ingredient in cleaning products.
- Synthetic chemicals which helps make water ‘wetter’ thereby enabling it to wet a dirty surface and lift dirt from it. They have a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end.
Degreasers
- Dissolves oils, fats and greases which are not soluble in water.
- Contains non-polar solvents hence is able to clean oil and grease off machinery.
Lubricants
- Reduces friction and wear between moving surfaces
- Usually oil-based and are used in engines and other machines were moving parts rub together
- Can be liquid (oil) or solid (grease)
Pesticides
- Materials which are able to selectively kill an animal considered to be a nuisance
Solvents
- Liquids which can dissolve another substance. Two main solvents are water and alcohol; also; turpentine.
Solute – The substance which is dissolved in a solvent
Solution
- The resulting mixture when a solute dissolves into the solvent
- The solvent molecules surround the solute molecules, preventing them from re-joining
Solubility
- Ability to dissolve in water – Ionic (where a positive and negative ions are bonded) and polar substances dissolve in polar solvents; water and alcohol
- Non polar substances dissolve in non-polar substances such as turps, petrol, hexane and carbon tetrachloride
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