Detailed Full Prelim Course Notes w/Diagrams

Resource Description

Module 1- Cells As a Basis Of Life
Cell Structure
Inquiry Question: What Distinguishes one cell from another?
Cell Theory-
– All living things are made of cells
– Cells are the basic structural and functional units of organisms
– All cells come from pre-existing cells
Cell StructureClassification of cells
● Prokaryotes (Unicellular Organisms)
○ Primitive cells
○ Much smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells
○ More abundance compared to eukaryotic cells
○ No membrane bound organelles
○ Divided into two groups → Archaea and Bacteria
○ Small and efficient→ High SA:V ratio
○ Four Main Structures
■ Cell membrane
■ Cytoplasm
■ Ribosomes
■ Genetic Material → Found in a large loop called the nucleoid.
● Eukaryotes (Unicellular and Multicellular)
○ More complex and large than prokaryotes
○ Approx. 10-100um.
○ Multicellular plants and animals are composed of a variety of different types of
eukaryotic cells.
○ Divided into kingdoms → Amoeba, fungi, Plantae and animalia
○ Contain membrane bound organelles
■ Each organelle has a specific function within the cell
■ Together the organelles carry out all the biochemical processes and
reactions like transpiration and photosynthesis.
○ Endosymbiosis