Modules 1-4 Summarised Notes

Resource Description

● Module 1: Properties and Structure of Matter
● Module 2: Introduction to Quantitative Chemistry
● Module 3: Reactive Chemistry
● Module 4: Drivers of Reactions

Module 1: Properties and Structure of Matter

Mixtures
A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances (containing one type of molecule)
in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties – the mixture itself is
impure. There are two kinds of mixtures: heterogeneous and homogeneous:

Heterogeneous Mixtures
Two or more substances intermingle but remain physically separate. Often it is possible to separate the original ingredients by simple physical means, such as filtering, centrifuge, decanting or sedimentation.
● Examples include: Dirt+Sand, Oil+Water, Salt+Baking Soda
● A Suspension is a specific type of heterogeneous mixture where particles settle at the bottom

Homogeneous Mixtures
Two or more substances have merged into a uniform phase. There are no borders between the substances, but they are not chemically bonded. The physical properties of each ingredient can be exploited to separate them.
● Examples include: Saltwater, Copper Sulfate solution
● Saltwater can be distilled (boiled) to separate the water